Endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine endometrial lining is termed as endometriosis.It is also termed as “ectopic endometrial tissue.”
It presents as dysmenorrhea,pelvic pain;may cause infertility.
Sites of involvement:
Sites of involvement of endometriosis are as follows;
- Ovary
- Uterine ligaments
- Pouch of Douglas
- Bladder wall
- Fallopian tube mucosa
- Perimetrium
Endometriosis results in formation of “chocolate cyst”.Nodules typically are of red-blue to yellow-brown in colour.
Endometriosis occurs most commonly due to retrograde menstruation with implantation at an ectopic site.Endometriosis cycles just like normal endometrium.
Involvement of uterine myometrium is called adenomyosis.
